Out of Box Maritime Thinker

Wednesday, January 16, 2019

Hull Inspection, Damage & Repair -Part I

Hull Inspection, Damage and Repair ( Reporting and Assessing Structural Defects ) Part I

Hull defects are in many cases preventable with timely maintenance and understanding of their causes.

Understanding the typical causes of defects is equally important in finding them efficiently and repairing them in the most appropriate manner;

in other words, using a repair that will both stop the re-occurrence of the defect and is at the same time cost-effective.

Hull Damages and Defects

Overload - In case of overload the repairs will consist of crop and renew according to original plans. In the case of overload due to heavy weather, the redesign should be considered.

Grounding
Collision
Contact
Operational failure (loading, ballasting)

Collision.

Inappropriate Design - Crack initiated at the change of section of the faceplate. In cases of inappropriate design, the structure should be re-designed to reduce the load.

Non-compliance with the standard
Ignorance of actual loads
Inadequate initial design

Inappropriate design.

Poor Workmanship

Poor workmanship.

Poor welding
Poor alignment
Sub-standard material
Poor finish omission

Fatigue by Vibration

Mechanical Source
Hydrodynamic Source
Stiffeners span too big
Sometimes weak superstructure

Extensive Wear and Tear (Corrosion)

General wastage
Localised corrosion
Localised pitting

Pitting.

Pitting corrosion, or pitting, is a form of extremely localized corrosion that leads to the creation of small holes in the metal.

The driving power for pitting corrosion is the O2 depassivisation of a small area, which becomes anodic while an unknown but potentially vast area becomes cathodic,

leading to very localised galvanic corrosion.

The corrosion penetrates the mass of the metal, with a limited diffusion of ions.

The mechanism of pitting corrosion is probably the same as crevice corrosion.

Pitting defects are generally caused by corrosion. When localised pitting is confined to the bottom of a tank, and the depth of the pitting is less than 50% of the original plate thickness, you can repair the isolated pitting's with a suitable epoxy compound according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

Isolated pitting with a depth of less than 50% of the original plate thickness can also be repaired by welding, provided that residuals thickness of remaining plate exceeds 6 mm.

The following rules should be observed:

•The pitting must be adequately prepared for welding ( usually by grinding)

•The electrodes used must be appropriate low hydrogen grade for the steel of the bottom plating.

•No less than four runs must be deposited in each pit

The affected plate must always be renewed when :

•The intensity of the pitting is excessive ( above 30%)

•The pitting is deeper than 50% of the original thickness of the plate; and

•The residual thickness is less than 6 mm

Pitting intensity - diagrams

References :

Bureau Veritas (2006). Mini Survey Handbook Part A - Ships in Service. (First ed.). France: Marine Division Ships in Service Management ( DNS).
Gutierrez, M. – Retired Senior Surveyor LR, 2018. Conversation/Lecture to/with Aleksandar Pudar from 18 to 21/9/2018.
Lloyd's Register Marine (2014). Hull Inspection, Damage and Repair. (Third Edition ed.). United Kingdom: First published by Lloyd's Register ,2009.
Lloyd's register marine (2015). Hull Inspection, Damage and Repair. (First ed.). United Kingdom: Lloyds Register.
Researchgate.net. 2018. “ Pitting intensity diagrams” www.ResearchGate.com [Online]. Available from: <https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Pitting-intensity-diagrams-Figure-taken-from-2_fig4_320716318 > [Accessed on : 2 October 2018].
Marchant , T, Dr.Lomas, J & Dr.Callow, L (2009). WHITE PAPER:THE FEASIBILITY OF A CORROSION RESISTANT SHIP. [Online]. (1 ed.). United Kingdom: © BMT Defence Services Limited 2009 © Amtec Consultants Ltd 2009. Available from: <https://www.bmtdsl.co.uk/media/6098421/BMTDSL-Corrosion-Resistant-Ship-Whitepaper.pdf >[Accessed on : 2 October 2018].
Tanker Structure Co-operative Forum (1995). GUIDELINES FOR THE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF DOUBLE HULL TANKER STRUCTURES. (1st ed.). England: Witherby & Co.Ltd.
Tanker Structure Co-operative forum (2014). Guidance Manual for Tanker Structures - Consolidated Edition 2014. (2nd ed.). Great Britain: Witherby Seamanship International.
Tanker Structure Co-operative forum (1986). Guidance Manual for the Inspection and Condition Assessment of Tanker Structures. (1st ed.). England: Witherby Marine Publishing.
Tanker structure co-operative forum (1992). Condition Evaluation and Maintenance of Tanker Structures . (1st ed.). England: Witherby & Co.Ltd.

Thursday, December 20, 2018

PORTABLE GAS DETECTORS

Portable Gas Detectors on board Tankers :Why, What, Where and How ?

Portable Gas Detection

Source: www.rkiinstruments.com

Why do we measure Gases?

Gases can be hazardously posing a risk to life, to structures or to both!

Gases that are present on board tanker vessel may be :

Combustible / Flammable - Risk of Explosion

Methane (CH4); Hydrogen (H2S)

Toxic - Risk of Poisoning

Carbon monoxide ( CO); hydrogen sulphide ( H2S)

Asphyxiant - Risk of Asphyxiation

Nitrogen (N2)

Combustible Gases

A combustible gas is one that will burn when mixed with air (or oxygen) and ignited. Combustible gas-air mixtures can be burned over a wide range of concentrations. The actual minimum concentration varies from about 0.5% to about 15% by volume in the air for most common CHCs. This concentration is always referred to as 100% LEL or LFL for that gas. (delphian.com, 2018)

Gas Monitors are required in Cargo Operations to ensure that explosive conditions are not allowed to exist.

Toxic gases -> Toxic limits

Time-weighted average concentration (TWA)

Units = parts per million (ppm), or

mg/cubic metre (mg/m3)

Long-term exposure limit (LTEL) - (8 hours)

Short-term exposure limit (STEL) - (10 mins)

Gas Monitors are used to preventing overexposure.

Asphyxiant gases - limits

What do we measure?

20.9 % vol Oxygen – Needed for life

0% vol Oxygen – Needed to prevent fire and explosion

Flammable Gases – To monitor cargo operations and to prevent explosions

Toxic Gases H2S & CO – to avert danger to life.

Where do we measure?

Cargo Tanks

Confined Spaces

General Monitoring – e.g. on deck

How do we measure?

Portable Gas Detectors

Multi Gas Analysers – Cargo Operations

Multi Gas Detectors – Confined Space Entry

Single Gas Detectors – General Monitoring

Tubes – Various General Monitoring / cargo

Onboard responsibilities related to portable gas detector maintenance

General testing routine maintenance including charging, cleaning and self-checks.

Bump testing.

Calibration

Gas Testing

Bump Testing.

– Where gas is applied to see if the Gas Monitor is capable of reaching the alarm set points

Calibration

– Where gas is applied, and the instruments are adjusted to the concentration of the gas being used.

References:

Delphiancom. 2018. Delphiancom. [Online]. [20 December 2018]. Available from: https://delphian.com/chc.htm

Rkiinstrumentscom. 2018. Gas Detectors - Portable Gas Monitors - Gas Sensors by RKI. [Online]. [20 December 2018]. Available from: https://www.rkiinstruments.com/

Westerman M.2018 – “Portable gas detection” - RN Presentation - Amsterdam 2018 IM&M

Monday, December 3, 2018

IMPROVING LIVING CONDITIONS ON BOARD: PART I : INITIAL INVESTIGATION

LIVING CONDITIONS, ENTERTAINMENT, TRAINING AND VR/AR PROJECT

INITIAL INVESTIGATION

I. MEMORANDUM

Subject: LIVING CONDITIONS, ENTERTAINMENT, TRAINING AND VR/AR PROJECT

PART I

INITIAL INVESTIGATION

Date: April the 20^th, 2017

Ms Annabel Bond

https://outboxmaritimethinker.blogspot.com/

https://independent.academia.edu/BondAnnabel

https://www.linkedin.com/in/annabel-bond-7219b0113/

II. Table of content

I. Memorandum

II. Table of content

III. Executive Summary

1. Overview

2. Organization

3. Goals

3.1 Critical Success Factor

4. Research

4.1. Research for onboard training/gymnasium facilities

4.1.1 Panamax Planets Gymnasium

4.1.2 Aframax Flowers Gymnasium

4.1.3 Aframax 1 Gymnasium

4.1.4 VLCC Gymnasium

4.1.5 Chemicals Gymnasium

4.2 Research of onboard facilities (Crew and officers TV/Smoke room and Libraries)

4.2.1 Panamax Planets Officers & Crew Smoke Room

4.2.2 Aframax Flowers Officer & Crew Smoke room

4.2.3 Aframax 2 Officer, Crew Smoke room & Library

4.2.4 Aframax 1 Officer & Crew Smoke room

4.2.5 VLCC Officer, Crew Smoke & Conference room

4.2.6 Chemicals Officer & Crew Smoke room

4.3 Game consoles, the Internet available on board & Research for possible use of VR /AR

4.3.1 Game consoles on board

4.3.2 Internet available on board

4.4 Research on VR / AR and possible use on board

4.5 Research on Curtains

III. Executive Summary

This project has been set up as research to find a best possible solution for improving living conditions of vessels training of vessel staff and entertainment on board. There is potential to offer experience gained by this project as a service to other companies in the future.

In order to find an optimal solution, investigation into current living quarters and recreational areas of existing vessels has been undertaken and this document details some viable solutions.

Advances in technology allow us to have Virtual Reality (VR) & Augmented Reality (AR) devices at reasonable costs.

VR/AR allows the user to escape reality for a brief moment and become a part of an alternate reality. On today’s market, there are multiple games; single player or multiplayer, educational games and programs and some which are purely professional.

In the maritime industry, there is no well-established use of VR /AR solutions. In other words, possibilities are endless. VR/AR may be used for training and accessing any software solutions present on board. This could include but not be limited to PMS, Manuals and diagnostic readings.

Current gyms are well equipped, however, they tend to seem less than inviting due to layout and lack of insufficient light. Solutions have been presented below to combat this.

To increase quality of air on board, having more plants on board is a potential solution. This can also give the crew a hobby.

Whilst crew retention depends on multiple factors, increasing salary may be seen as a short-term settlement to a long-term problem. Thus it is important to find and develop solutions to keep the crew happy, healthy, encouraged and enthusiastic to rejoin our vessels.

Although appealing and professional living and entrainment spaces are important, most of the feedback from the vessels is regarding faster internet and communications with families (Skype, Facetime, Viber). Some crew members ask for marine grade satellite antenna for TV. This is indicative of the desire to be more connected to the world.

1. Overview

Project code:

Project start date: TBA-Subject to approval

Budget: TBA –Subject to approval

2. Organization

This project may apply to entire fleet.

Persons involved in this project:

● Project Manager and person responsible for planning design of spaces and hardware purchasePurchasing Officer.

● Support and Project advice: Planned Maintenance Supervisor

● Persons overall in charge:

Managing Directors

● Assistance for hardware installation: Onboard crew

● Assistance may be required from IT for any onboard installation:

System Administrator

● Risk Assessment (may be necessary initially for location of setting up and use)

Technical Manager

3. Goals

The main goal of this project is to improve crew welfare while on board any XXX's vessels. This could directly lead to increased crew retention and morale; building of the XXX brand and sense of ownership and belonging.

3.1 Critical Success Factor

● Prompt feedback from Managing Directors on options presented and budget per vessel.

● Obtaining competitive offers for any solution selected

● Careful planning and teamwork.

● A step-by-step guide to vessels with instructions and our vision of the finished product.

● Feedback from vessels, visiting office staff and Port Captains

Currently, vessels in our fleets have a certain amount per month for sports fund that may be used to finance part of this project.

4. Research

Information from the current fleet as to what type of gaming consoles, training, entertainment facilities and internet currently on board has been collected.

4.1 Research for onboard training/gymnasium facilities

4.1.1 Panamax Planets Gymnasium

Surface: 24.4 m2

Gym Equipment :

(01) running machine “WESLO” // (01) elliptical trainer “CARDIO TRAINER” //

(01) weight bench “KETTLER” // (01) exercise bike“KETTLER”//

(01) multi exercise machine // (01) fixed rowing machine“KETTLER”

(01) stereo speaker “TOSHIBA” // (01) pin pong table // (01) Various weights

4.1.2. Aframax Flowers Gymnasium

Surface: 19.1 m2

Gym Equipment :

Music Center: “Pioneer”// (04)Wall Type Mirrors // (02) Bar with set of different weights//(01) Bench for bar: “Trojan Power Station 610” //(01) Bench for bar: “Bremshey” //(02) Dumbbells adjustable weight// (01) Multifunction Gym: “Trojan Power Station 610”// (01) Treadmill: “Bremshey”

4.1.3 Aframax 1 Gymnasium

Surface: 21 m2

Gym Equipment: As per photo

4.1.4 VLCC Gymnasium

Surface: 32.49 m2

Gym Equipment:

(01) Running machine TR1000 “Strength Master” // (01) Total gym eqpt “Gold’s gym - Platinum”// (01) Bench press eqpt “Kettler” // (02) Cycling machine “Kettler” // (01) Table tennis PTT-310 “Peace”// (01) Assorted weights

4.1.5 Chemicals Gymnasium

Surface: 8.86m2

Gym Equipment:

(02) Stationary Bicycles // (01) Spine Press Bench // (01) Weights Set

DDD and EEE have no designated Gym, subject to some crew members on board Treadmill and Body weights are in cabins.

4.2. Research of onboard entertainment facilities (Crew and Officers TV/smoke room and Libraries)

4.2.1 Panamax Planets - Officer & Crew Smoke room

Surface: Officers Smoke Room 24.9m2 // Crew Smoke Room 23.3m2

4.2.2 Aframax Officer & Crew Smoke room

Surface: Officers Smoke Room 27m2 // Crew Smoke Room 23 m2

4.2.3 Aframax 2 Officer, Crew Smoke room & Library

Surface: Officers Smoke Room 24.3m2 // Crew Smoke Room 18.8m2

Library Surface: 18.8m2

4.2.4 Aframax 1 Officer & Crew Smoke room

Surface: Officers Smoke Room 22m2 // Crew Smoke Room 16m2

4.2.5 VLCC – Officer, Crew Smoke & Conference room

Surface: Officers Smoke Room 35m2 // Crew Smoke Room 34m2

Surface: Conference Room 23.7m2

4.2.6 Chemicals Officer & Crew Smoke room

Officer smoking room and mess room combined surface: 24.82m2

Crew smoking room and mess room combined surface 25.62m2

Crew smoking room

4.3. Game consoles, the Internet available on board & Research for possible use of VR / AR

4.3.1. Game consoles

VESSEL	GAMING CONSOLE	ACCESSORIES	GAMES	LOCATION
Panamax 1	PS3 (2 UNITS)	2 CONTROLLERS	GOD OF WAR // LAST OF US // NBA 2014 // MORTAL COMBAT // ASSASINS CREED // PES 2014 // NEED FOR SPEED RIVALS	OFFICER SMOKING ROOM + GYMNASIUM
Panamax 2	PS4	1 WIRELESS CONTROLLER	ASSASINS CREED IV//TOMB RAIDER // BATTLEFIELD 4// CALL OF DUTY BLACK OPS//FIFA 16// NEED FOR SPEED RIVALS	TRANSFER BETWEEN OFFICER + CREW SMOKING ROOM
Panamax 3	X BOX 360 (BAD CONDITION)	2 CONTROLLERS	STAR WARS // KINECT ADVENTURES // CALL OF DUTY MW3 // FIFA 12 // PES 2016	GYMNASIUM
Panamax 4	PS4	2 CONTROLLERS	NEED FOR SPEED. FIFA 2017	OFFICER SMOKING ROOM
Aframax 3	PS4	CONTROLLERS	CALL OF DUTY // FINAL FANTASY // EURO 2016(PRO EVOLUTION SOCCER) // NBA 2K16	CREW SMOKING ROOM
Aframax 4	NONE	NONE	NONE	NONE
Aframax 5	PS3	2 WIRELESS CONTROLLER	Call of Duty: Modern Warfare// Need For Speed Rivals//Diablo 3//NBA 2K16//FIFA 2016//FIFA 2014//Need For Speed Hot Pursuit	CREW SMOKING ROOM
Aframax 2	X BOX 360	KINECT // 2 JOYSTICKS	MIDNIGHT CLUB // FIGHT NIGHT // TOMB RAIDER // KINECT ADVENTURE	OFFICER SMOKING ROOM
Aframax 1	PS4	4 WIRELESS CONTROLLERS	Fifa16 // NBA 2K14 // UFC // Call of Duty // Grand Theft Auto // Assassins Creed IV // Rocket League	OFFICER SMOKING ROOM
Ice class Panamax	PS4	2 CONTROLLERS	PRO EVOLUTIONS SOCCER 2015 // PRO EVOULTION SOCCER 2016 // FIFA 2016 // MORTAL COMBAT X // WW2K15 // WORLD RALLY CHAMPIONSHIP 2015	CREW SMOKING ROOM
Chemical 1	PS4	2 CONTROLLERS	FIFA 17 // PES 2017 // UNCHARTERED 4// LAST OF US	CREW SMOKE/MESSROOM
Chemical 2	X BOX ONE	3 CONTROLLERS	FIFA // MORTAL KOMBAT // FINAL FANTASY // RACE CAR	OFFICER MESSROOM
Chemical 3	PS3(2 UNITS)	2 CONTROLLERS	FIFA 16 // FIGHT NIGHT // FIFA STREET	CREW MESSROOM / OFFICER MESSROOM
VLCC 1	PS3(2 UNITS)	Standard Controllers	10 games	CREW SMOKING ROOM. OFFICER SMOKING ROOM
VLCC 2	X-BOX(2 UNITS) // 1 NINTENDO WII // 1 DJ HERO CONSOLE	4 X-BOX CONTROLLERS //1 DJ HERO WII CONTROLLER // 2 NINTENDO WII CONTROLLERS	CALL OF DUTY // 2 MORTAL COMBAT XLL//NBA 2K17//1 DJ HERO // PERS SOCCER/ NINTENDO WII GAMES: 2 WII SPORT // MEDAL OF HONOR VANGUARD // CALL OF DUTY // FERRARI	XBOX + DJ HERO + NINTENDO WII CREW SMOKING ROOM // X-BOX OFFICER SMOKING ROOM

4.3.2 Internet available on board

Vessels with the web-internet speed of FBB500 have a top speed of 438Kb/s.

Aframax 1 has new internet (FleetXpress) with top speed 2MB/s.

To keep our fleet appealing to the new and current crew, upgrading the entire fleet to faster internet speeds should not take longer than six months. Anything longer than that will discourage younger people from rejoining.

4.4 Research on VR / AR and possible use on board

There are currently multiple devices to have VR/AR experience, from low range- low cost to high range- high cost.

Applications (Android, Apple & MS) for training - So far the following companies have made VR apps

- Damen VR-App

- ExxonMobil VR-App

- Marine Traffic-App

- Man Diesel and Turbo Engine Program- App

- Wide run VR app for Cycling

Whilst the first thought of the use of VR/AR is for gaming, there are also potential uses in the Maritime industry.

While it is still in early stages, there are some single player and multiplayer games already on the market. Though not limited to games, there are already motivational solutions on the market to make working out more immersive.

The use of VR/AR in Maritime Industry can range from manufacturing support to familiarisation, training and maintenance assistance. VR is now being incorporated into design procedures of new buildings providing 3D building interface modelling. This has potential to be rolled out in the maritime industry. Comprehensive 3D models of ships can be utilized throughout design and construct phases. Furthermore, this could be rolled out to provide interactive training, with a mixture of gaming and simulation offering a realistic perspective to training crew ashore or on board.

VR/AR can be extremely useful to support the crew with the limited resources by assisting in system repair or maintenance operations. It could also prove useful for training crew how to respond to hazardous situations that would otherwise be difficult to emulate.

Although TV can bring people together to watch a movie, a good multiplayer game can provide competitive and team-building entertainment. A viable solution is to provide a pair of Homido VR Headsets and Mini Bluetooth gamepads in each smoking room. This will require mobile phones that could be supplied or alternately, crew can make use of their personal mobiles. In weighing the options, PlayStation 4 with VR bundle is the best solution. It is safe (wireless), has a wide selection of games currently on the market and some vessels already have one unit on board.

4.5 Research on Curtains

The curtains on board are Flame retardant, anti-static and blackout. While they function purely as curtains a small change in the colour can bring a much-required burst of colour into the room.

Below some examples of current situation on board

Look out for PART II and PART III with regards to Proposed Solution and Development along with all accompanying surveys carried out.

Out of Box Maritime Thinker

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